How to reduce dust by applying the STOP principle
Learn how to protect your people from the dangers of dust exposure
Exposure to dust is highly regulated
Since some dust particles can be potentially harmful, national authorities have set so-called occupational exposure limits (OEL). These values are upper limits that define the acceptable concentration of hazardous dust in the workplace, based on a time-weighted average throughout an 8-hour workday. OEL values exist for specific dust types and depend on their hazard.
For example, if you work with material containing silica, the dust that is set free while you process the material – e.g. from drilling, chiseling, sawing or grinding – will most likely contain respirable crystalline silica dust (RCS). These particles can be especially dangerous as they can go deep into the lung and reach the lung alveoli, where long-term over-exposure can lead to damage to the respiratory system. In worst cases this might result in the disease called silicosis, which is currently incurable.
Because the health effects of hazardous dust can be dramatic, OEL values are established to protect workers. OEL values vary within the European Union. Some countries have put in place more stringent provisions. You should always check with your local authorities to get the OEL values applying to you.
Do you have any idea what these limits mean in practical terms? The truth is, it is a tiny amount – like a small pinch of salt – and weighing less than a 2 Cent coin.
How can I find out if I’m below the exposure limits?
A reliable way to find out where risks from dust exist in your workplace is by systematically measuring it. Dust particles can be measured by using specific sampling equipment and the British Health and Safety Executive published a variety of suitable samplers for such an undertaking.
It might be demanding for employers to implement and execute air monitoring. Therefore, another possibility is to refer to previous measurements and investigation reports. Parties that publish such data can be the tool manufacturer, raw material supplier or research organizations. The German BG Bau provides task-based measurement data collectives as an aid to assessment.
Similarly, US-based Federal Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has published Standard 1926.1153, Table 1, which is a list of 18 recommended product solutions and controls listed in the table, reflecting common silica-generating construction tasks with corresponding control methods that OSHA has determined are effective.
STOP PRINCIPLE AS A GUIDE TO CONTROL DUST
The naming STOP defines the sequence of controlling risk. Here’s what that means in detail:
Substitution is the elimination of the risk by using safer alternatives. By doing so the root cause of hazards can be avoided.
Technical measures are machinery, tools or technologies to reduce dust in the air, to minimize the dangerous effects of dust for people.
Organizational measures are made possible due to different working methods and improved work organization.
Personal protective measures are needed where risks remain. The user is exposed to this risk and without these protective measures there can be health hazards! So PPE – personal protective equipment – is required to cover the remaining risks.
Share this content